Covert Action Program (50 US Code § 3093)
50 U.S. Code § 3093 is the U.S. statute governing presidential findings and congressional reporting requirements for covert action — activities of the U.S. government intended to influence political, economic, or military conditions abroad without acknowledgment of the U.S. government's role. Covert action authority traces to the 1947 National Security Act and was formalized as a National Security Council function under President Eisenhower's 1954 policy on covert action, which established the NSC's 5412 Committee and its "Special Group" to provide oversight and approval of covert operations. Covert action programs are legally required to be reported to Congress, typically at minimum to the "Gang of Eight" (the majority and minority leaders of the House and Senate and the chairs and ranking members of the two chambers' intelligence committees) or, for the most sensitive matters, the smaller "Gang of Four."
Alleged Application to UFO Legacy Programs
UAP Gerb's Special Access Required Vol.2 builds its central argument around statements made by David Grusch in his Judicial Watch interview, in which Grusch described legacy UFO retrieval and exploitation activities as having originated within the National Security Council's 5412 Committee and its successor bodies — making such activities, in Grusch's account, inherently classified as covert action and thus subject to 50 U.S. Code § 3093's reporting requirements. Grusch stated, however, that a loophole exists: a covert-action-type program can be designated non-covert action, converting it into a White House-controlled Special Access Program that the presenter argues exists in a legal gray area between Title 10 (10 U.S. Code § 119, governing DoD SAPs) and Title 50 (governing covert action), subject to neither statute's formal reporting or carve-out requirements. The presenter argues this non-covert-action designation, combined with structuring the resulting program as content-only, is the specific two-part mechanism legacy UFO programs have used to evade both congressional oversight tracks simultaneously.